One of the simplest solutions for PCB programming is to arrange for the manufacturer to program the ICs before shipping the components. Manufacturers and distributors often offer programming services, eliminating the need to program circuit boards after they arrive.
Factory-programmed circuit boards save time and energy but cost more. While factory-programmed ICs are convenient, they are not always an option. If you need to program the PCB after the final assembly, you will need to explore one of the other methods for programming PCBs.
2. Dedicated Headers
You can connect a PCB to a computer or another device using wired connections. These connections are often completed using some type of connector or a pin. One of the most common choices is the use of dedicated headers.
Dedicated programming headers allow for an easy connection between the IC and the software. Dedicated headers include plastic connectors for connecting the PCB to a computer, which makes communication between the IC and the software possible.
Dedicated headers are often found on programmable microcontrollers. Consumers can easily access the dedicated headers. However, adding connectors increases the profile and cost of the PCB.
Dedicated headers may include a single row or double row of pin headers. Using a dedicated header is an efficient option when the data connection requires access to many pins. A series of pins can be grouped in the header, allowing for faster and easier connections.